The first step is to choose the right sized filter paper, which is the most vital step for vacuum filtration, because the filter must be smaller in diameter than the Hirsch or Buchner funnel. It needs to cover the holes and sit flat on the funnel bottom and not have any creases or folds. There are two ways to fold the filter paper, which are the fluted and conventional methods.
Membrane filtration utilizes pressure in order to force water or any other kind of carrier fluid through a porous or semi-permeable membrane. This process separates the particulate matter that's suspended from the soluble and fluid components.
Membrane filters are also known as membranes are microporous films which have specific ratings for their pore sizes. These are also known as microporous filters, screens or sieves, and they keep the microorganisms or particles which are bigger than the size of their pores through the process of surface capture. On the other hand, any particles smaller than the pore size of the membrane filter are typically kept by other types of mechanisms.
